Autoloading firearm of the blowback type

ABSTRACT

An autoloading firearm of the blowback type free of the usual trigger spring and sear spring and operative with only two springs, a recoil spring and a hammer spring, in the entire unit not inclusive of an extractor spring and the inherent spring tension in a magazine catch.

United States Patent Harold D. Allyn l0 Sumner Ave., Springfield, Mass.01108 792,694

Jan. 21, 1969 June 15, 1971 lnventor Appl. No. Filed PatentedAUTOLOADING FIREARM OF THE BLOWBACK TYPE 5 Claims, 51 Drawing Figs.

U.S. Cl 89/144, 42/25, 42/75, 89/148 lnt.Cl F4ld 11/02 Field of Search42/69 B; 89/130- 156 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 5/1916Buckham 89/144 2,224,758 l2/l940 Brewer 89/l39 2,296,998 9/1942Koehler... 89/150 2,356,727 8/1944 Reisina .4 89/142 2,894,346 7/1959Smith 89/139 2,984,037 5/1961 Wilhelm.. 42/69(B) 3,236,154 2/1966lwashita 89/142 Primary Examiner-Samuel Feinberg AssistantExaminer-Stephen C. Bentley Attorneys Kenwood Ross and Chester E. FlavinABSTRACT: An autoloading firearm of the blowback type free of the usualtrigger spring and sear spring and operative with only two springs, arecoil spring and a hammer spring, in the entire unit not inclusive ofan extractor spring and the inherent spring tension in a magazine catch.

PATENTEU JUN] 5 I97! SHEET 1 0F 6 INVENTOR. HAROLD o. ALLYN ATTORNEYS.

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PATENTEU JUN] 5 I971 SHEET 5 [IF 6 INVENTOR HAROLD o. ALLYN BY @I a/wd@914 and AUTOLOADING FIREARM OF THE BLOWBACK TYPE A primary object ofthe invention is to provide a semiautomatic firearm which is operablewith but a pair of helical springs so arranged that a pressuredifferential between a fully loaded hammer spring and a preloaded recoilspring, with the hammer cocked and with the breech bolt drivingforwardly to closed position, is such as to cause a sear to moveforwardly along a pin which also provides spring tension for the safety,serving as both a trigger pivot pin and a scar pivot pin through themeans of an elongated slot in the sear, and also so as to cause the searto move and a bent portion thereof also moves forwardly therewithbeneath a pull surface of the trigger whereby the finger portion of thetrigger is biased forwardly. The hammer spring serves the function ofthe usual trigger spring, and the recoil spring exerts a continuousrearward pressure upon an upwardly extending portion of the sear, abovethe pivotal elongated slot, so as to bias upwardly a forward portion ofthe sear wherefor an uppermost sear point of the sear engages in aperipherally located sear notch of the hammer at the appropriate timewhereby the recoil spring serves the function of the usual sear spring.

The sear is provided with an upwardly extending rearward portion and anelongated slot therebelow cooperating with a bent portion which contactsa pull surface of the trigger and, due to a longitudinal movementallowed by the elongated slot, functions as a disconnector for thefiring mechanism.

Rearward pressure from a recoil spring guide, forced rearwardly by therecoil spring which serves to bias upwardly the forward portion of thesear, allows the sear point of the sear to contact the sear notch of thehammer, thereby eliminating the dictate for a separate sear spring.

Forward pressure through the sear point due to a fully loaded hammerspring causes the bent portion of the sear to contact the retainingsurface of the trigger with the trigger held rearwardly and to bias thefinger portion of the trigger forwardly when the trigger is released,thereby eliminating the dictate for a trigger spring.

The sear includes a stop surface to prevent unwanted sear movement and asear block surface which provides a safety feature.

The trigger is provided with a stop surface for preventing unwantedrearward movement of the finger portion of the trigger and with a pullsurface for cooperating with the bent portion of the sear.

A trigger-sear pin provides the pivoting means for both the trigger andthe sear, with one extremity of the pin being coiled so as to provide adetent notch tension.

The invention comprehends, in an autoloading firearm of the blowbacktype, a hybrid arrangement of parts such that, with the engagement of asingle assembly screw by a coin or similar object, the entire weaponincluding the barrel and receiver may be completely assembled ordisassembled, without the use of additional tools.

As other characterizing features:

. The breech bolt and hammer and associated parts are assembled ordisassembled from the forward end of the receiver, permitting astreamlining of the receiver rearward end to make it integral with thecylindrical forward end and avoiding the usual unsightly receivermidsection.

2. The trigger scar and safety are operative upon a common pivot pinwhich, significantly, is the only pin in the firearm.

. The trigger-sear mechanism is capable of semiautomatic fire without atrigger spring or sear spring.

4. The magazine catch and ejector are combined into a unitary component,utilizing its own inherent spring tension for magazine retention andheld fast in the lower portion of the receiver by means of the magazinehousing and without the usual pins or screws.

5. The magazine housing in situ by its own upper forward end portion anddefines a feed ramp entering a lateral slot in the rearward barrel face,while the rearward end of the magazine housing is retained by a pair ofarcuate rearwardly extending projections and engageable with the lowerportion of the receiver at the rear of the magazine housing opening.

6. The assembly screw, the only screw in the operating mechanism, may betightened so as to force the rearward end of a bedding plate rearwardlyto lock the magazine housing and the magazine catch-ejector in place andrender them immovable. Simultaneously a takedown lug, drawn downwardlyby a takedown screw, solidly locks the barrel with respect to thereceiver and the entire mechanism is locked with respect to the stock.

7. Whereas normally, in firearms of this type, only the trigger isblocked when the safety is placed in safe position, herein the safetyblocks the trigger against pulling rearwardly therewith and additionallyprecludes unwanted vertical reciprocation of the sear.

Of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a fragmentary sectional view, in side elevation, of thefirearm in closed ready-to-fire position, showing one form of a beddingplate in association therewith;

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary view, in side elevation, partly in section,showing the FIG. 1 firearm immediately following release of the hammerby the sear;

FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view, in side elevation, showing theFIG. 1 firearm at the moment of firing;

FIG. 4 is a view, similar to FIG. 3, showing the firearm in full recoilposition;

FIG. 5 is a view, similar to FIG. 4, showing the firearm immediatelyprior to the release of the trigger forwardly;

FIG. 6 is a partial bottom plan view of the rear portion of thereceiver, showing the sear block portion of an alternate form of safetyin fire position;

FIG. 7 is a partial plan view, of the rear end of the receiver, showingthe thumb piece of the alternate form of safety of FIG. 6 in safeposition;

FIG. 8 is a partial view, in side elevation, of the rear end of thereceiver, showing the sear block portion of the alternate form of safetyof FIG. 6 in safe position;

FIGS. 9 and 10 are views, in rear and side elevation respectively, ofthe recoil spring washer;

FIG. 11 is a view, in bottom plan, of the extractor;

FIG. 12 is a view, in side elevation, of the recoil spring guide;

FIG. 13 is a view on line 13-13 ofFIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a partial sectional view of the front portion of the breechbolt, as viewed from the top, showing the extractor and extractorspring;

FIG. 15 is a view, in rear elevation, showing the firing mechanismremoved from the stock and with the trigger-sear pin in place;

FIG. 16 is a view, in section, on line 16-16 of FIG. 1, showing thetrigger-sear pin retained by the stock;

FIG. 17 is a view, in section, on line 17-17 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 18 is a view in section, on line 18-18 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 19 is a view in section, on line 19-19 of FIG. 38;

FIG. 20 is a view, in section, on line 20-20 of FIG. 38;

FIGS. 21 and 22 are views, in rear and side elevation respectively, ofthe sear;

FIGS. 23 and 24 are views, in rear and side elevation respectively, ofthe magazine housing showing the preferred form of magazine housinglugs;

FIGS. 25 and 26 are views, in side and front elevation respectively, ofthe takedown cam;

FIGS. 27 and 28 are views, in rear and side elevation respectively, ofthe trigger;

FIG. 29 is a partial view, in side elevation, of the front portion of analternate form of trigger;

. FIGS. 30 and 31 are views, in side and front elevation respectively,of the takedown lug;

FIG 32 is a view, in bottom plan, of the receiver;

FIG. 33 is a schematic view of the assembly locking means;

FIGS. 34 and 35 are views, in side and front elevation respectively, ofthe combination magazine catch and ejector;

FIGS. 36 and 37 are partial rear and side elevational views respectivelyof the magazine showing the magazine retaining lug;

FIG. 38 is a vertical longitudinal cross-sectional view of the preferredform of bedding plate and associated components;

FIGS. 39 and 40 are plan and elevational views respectively of thebedding plate of FIG. 38;

FIG. 41 is a partial plan view of the rear portion of the firearmmechanism, showing the safety;

FIG. 42 is a side elevational view of the rear portion of the mechanism,showing the safety and trigger-sear pin;

FIGS. 43 and 44 are rear and side elevational views respectively of afirst alternate form of trigger and sear;

FIGS. 45 and 46 are rear and side elevational views respectively of asecond alternate form of trigger and sear;

FIGS. 47 and 48 are rear and side elevational views respectively of athird alternate form of trigger and sear;

FIGS. 49 and 50 are side elevational and bottom views respectively ofthe safety; and

FIG. 51 is a fragmentary sectional side elevational view, partly insection, of an alternate form of lug and feed ramp of the magazinehousing.

A semiautomatic firearm embodying the present invention is shown in FIG.1 as including a stock 2, trigger guard 3, fore end 4, butt stock 6,barrel 8 and receiver 9.

Receiver 9 is shown as a tubular, single-piece, screwmachine part, fullyopen at its forward portion, and terminating in a streamlined pointedrearward end, but it could be of two-part construction, with a tubularforward portion and a rearward portion in the form of a casting joinedthereto as by brazing.

A centrally located longitudinally extending slot in the lower portionof receiver 9 will be seen, in FIGS. 1 and 2, to accommodate a sear 10.

Another adjoining longitudinally extending slot, best seen in the bottomplan view of the receiver (FIG. 32), accommodates a trigger 11.

A laterally extending trigger-sear pin 12 is projected through suitablealigned openings in receiver 9, trigger ll, sear l0, and in a safety 13,thereby to retain the components in proper relative positions. Withrespect to sear and safety 13, such openings are elongated horizontallyextending slots 14 and respectively.

The rear of receiver 9 is provided with a vertically disposedlongitudinally extending flat face, and safety 13, positionedthereadjacent, is retained by a spiral portion 16 of trigger-sear pin12, as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16. Spiral portion 16 provides, inspringlilte manner, a detent tension for the safety and also bears uponthe inner wall of stock 2 to preclude lateral movement of thetrigger-sear pin.

Spiral portion 16, as shown in FIG. 41, has a free terminal in the formof a retaining bend l7 receivable in an opening 18 in safety 13. Due toelongated slot 15 in the safety, a spring tension is obtained to urgethe safety forwardly and to allow a detent portion 19 of the safety tooperate within vertically disposed detent slots in the rear of thereceiver.

Sear 10 is best shown in FIGS. 21 and 22, trigger 11 is best shown inFIGS. 27 and 28, safety 13 is best shown in FIGS. 49 and 50, and safety13 and trigger-sear pin 12 are best shown in FIG. 42.

If desired, receiver 9 could be provided with a vertical undercut, notshown, adjacent the forward end of its vertically disposedlongitudinally extending flat portion and extending forwardly for freelyaccommodating the forward end of safety 13, and the safety could beprovided with a forwardly extended portion for reception in the receiverundercut to maintain the front of the safety in contacting relationshipwith the receiver flat portion.

A forwardly extending sear block portion of safety 13, shown in FIGS. 49and 50, is located downwardly of a thumbpiece 21 so that, with detentportion 19 of the safety in a provided left-hand or fire detent notch inreceiver 9, the sear block portion is disposed adjacent the left-handside of the scar and allows free vertical movement of its rearward end.

With detent portion 19 in a provided right-hand or safe detent notch,sear block portion 20 is interposed between the receiver horizontal flatportion and the extreme upper rear portion of sear 10 to prevent searvertical movement and preclude gun discharge.

A protrusion between the fire and safe detent notches on the receiverallows detent portion 19 of the safety readily to be passed thereoverowing to elongated slot 15 and to the resilience of a spiral coiladjacent the forward portion of the safety. A shoulder on the outboardside of each detent notch retains thumbpiece 21 within the confines ofthe detent notches, when the safety is thrown.

When the firearm is in uncocked position, safety 13 cannot be thrownfrom fire to safe position.

Safety 13 is shown, in FIGS. 2-5, in fire position, where it isincapable of being thrown to safe position as the extreme upper rearportion of sear 10 is in a rearward position to block any lateralmovement of the forward end of scar block portion 20 of the safety.

When a breech bolt 22 is in closed, hammer-cocked, position, and whentrigger 11 is released forwardly, as shown in FIG. 1, sear 10 is also inforward position and safety 13 is free to be moved from fire to safeposition, enabling the operator thereby to ascertain the cocked oruncocked condition of a hammer 24.

Receiver 9 has a centrally located longitudinally extending frontopening to allow breech bolt 22 and hammer 24 to reciprocate freelytherein, whereby the rearward face of the hammer contacts a recoilsurface 26 of the receiver upon termination of the recoil stroke, asshown in FIG. 4.

Rearwardly and centrally of this opening, a second opening of reducedsize serves to freely accommodate a hammer spring 28 and rearwardly andcentrally of this second opening, a third opening of reduced size servesto freely house a recoil spring 30 which embraces a recoil spring guide32.

As shown in FIG. 12, recoil spring guide 32 terminates rearwardly in anenlarged portion, the front end of the enlarged portion serves as arecoil spring shoulder and its extreme rear end is rounded or pointedfor contacting an upwardly extending rearward portion 34 of sear 10.

The forwardly facing surface of upwardly extending rearward portion 34may be inclined to provide a camming action and in urging the rear endof the sear downwardly. Due to a pivoting action at trigger-sear pin 12,the sear front end is urged upwardly.

This joint camming and pivoting action enables recoil spring 30, throughrecoil spring guide 32, to provide an upward urging of the front end ofsear 10 so as to cause a scar point to pivot in a sear notch in hammer24.

The camming angle on the forward face of upwardly extending rearwardportion 34 can be eliminated, if desired.

The forward end of recoil spring 30 seats in a recoil spring washer 36,which washer is receivable in a provided opening in the rear end ofbreech bolt 22.

The sides of the forward portion of recoil spring guide 32, rearwardlyof a full diameter forward retaining end, are flattened to allow passagethrough a provided slot in recoil spring washer 36 as breech bolt 22recoils rearwardly.

The recoil spring washer is detailed in FIGS. 9 and 10, and the recoilspring guide is detailed in FIGS. 12 and 13.

Hammer spring 28, circumscribing recoil spring 30, is wound in theopposite hand therefrom, and its front portion is nestable in a providedhammer spring opening in hammer 24. The rear portion of the hammerspring rests on a shoulder at the juncture of the hammer spring openingand the recoil spring opening in receiver 9.

An opening, of sufficient size to allow free passage of recoil spring 30therethrough, extends forwardly from the hammer spring opening to theforward face of hammer 24, as will be seen in FIG. 1.

As shown in FIG. I, an opening in breech bolt 22 allows clearance forthe forward portion of recoil spring guide 32 when breech bolt 22 is infull recoil position.

A bolt handle 38 (FIGS. 2, l8 and 19) allows manual operation of thebreech bolt. A longitudinally extending bolt handle slot 40 in receiver9 prevents breech bolt rotation during its rearward and forward travel.

A retaining notch 42 allows bolt handle 38 to be rotated upwardly,carrying breech bolt 22 therewith, and the breech bolt may be therebyretained in a rearward open position, when desired. See FIGS. 2, l8 and32.

The firearm is shown in the closed, ready-to-fire position in FIG. 1.

In such position, the front portion of recoil spring 30, through recoilspring washer 36, pushes forwardly upon breech bolt 22 to maintain it inclosed position, and the rear end of the recoil spring bears on theenlarged head of recoil spring guide 32 to push rearwardly on upwardlyextending rearward portion 34 of sear 10 so as to cause the sear topivot on trigger-sear pin 12 and to maintain the sear point of the searin the sear notch of hammer 24, as aforementioned.

The pressure exerted by the recoil spring on the sear, owing toelongated slot 14 in the sear, would normally push the sear rearwardlyalong trigger-sear pin 12. However, with the sear point of the searmaintained in the sear notch of the hammer and with breech bolt 22 inforward ready-to-fire position, the recoil spring is under preload, tokeep the breech bolt in closed position, and hammer spring 28 is underfull load.

A greater force is exerted by the hammer spring in pushing forwardly onthe hammer which is connected to the sear in the respect that the searpoint of the sear is maintained in the sear notch of the hammer, all soas to overcome the weaker force of the recoil spring 30 which pushesrearwardly on the sear through sear rearward portion 34, wherefor thesear is caused to move forwardly along trigger-sear pin 12 until it isstopped when the rear wall of the elongated slot abuts the trigger-searpin.

The finger portion of trigger l1, forwardly biased by means yet to bedescribed, is in its forwardmost position and a bent portion 44 of scar10 is under a pull surface 46 of the trigger. See FIG. 1.

In FIG. 2, the firearm is shown immediately following the release of thehammer by the sear a moment after the trigger has been pulled.

The sear point of scar 10 has been withdrawn from the sear notch ofhammer 24 as pull surface 46 of trigger ll presses downwardly on bentportion 44 of the sear. Rearward movement of the finger portion of thetrigger, following the release of the hammer by the sear, is precludedby the fact that the extreme upper rear of the trigger strikes the lowerrear portion of receiver 9.

The hammer has moved slightly forwardly under the tension of the hammerspring. The scar, relieved of the forward tension exerted by thestronger fully loaded hammer spring through the sear notch of the hammerengaging the sear point of the sear, is now under a rearward pressure ofthe weaker preloaded recoil spring 30 through the recoil spring guidepressing upon rearward portion 34 of the sear. Thus relieved of theforward tension of the hammer spring, the sear has moved rearwardlyunder the rearward tension of the recoil spring and along trigger-searpin 12 until further movement is precluded when the forward wall of theelongated slot in the sear abuts the trigger-sear pin. Bent portion 44of the sear has moved rearwardly therewith and out of contact with thepull surface of the trigger. Meanwhile, relieved of the downwardpressure exerted by the pull surface of the trigger, the sear point ofthe sear has been urged upwardly until the sear point has contacted thehammer periphery rearwardly of the sear notch.

Elongated slot 14 is rearward with respect to trigger-sear pin 12 andthe finger portion of the trigger is in the rearmost position, beingheld there by the operator's finger.

In FIG. 3, the components are shown in their positions at the moment ofdischarge.

Hammer 24, under tension of hammer spring 28, has moved forwardly,struck a firing pin 47, and fired the cartridge. The

rear end of the hammer has cleared the sear point of the sear so thatthe forward end of the sear has moved upwardly until such upwardmovement is precluded when a fiat on the upper forward portion thereofcontacts the lower cylindrical surface of receiver 9.

When the front end of sear 10 has moved upwardly after the rear end ofthe hammer has passed thereover, bent portion 44 of the sear has alsomoved upwardly into a position slightly rearwardly of a retaining notch48 in the trigger. Elongated slot 14 in the sear has remained rearwardlywith respect to trigger-sear pin 12. Hammer spring 28 and recoil spring30 are not both in a preloaded condition. The finger portion of thetrigger is now under no spring tension, there being no contact betweenthe sear and the trigger at the forward ends thereof, and the triggerbeing held rearwardly by the operators finger. A slight camming anglemay be placed on the forward face of bent portion 44 and a correspondingangle located on the retaining notch 48 of the trigger.

In FIG. 4, the relationship of the components in the full recoilposition is shown.

Breech bolt 22 has recoiled to the rear in the conventional manner of aninertia-type gun.

Meanwhile, an extractor 50 has pulled the fired shell (not shown) fromthe chamber and an ejector point 51 of a magazine catch and ejector 52has thrown it out from the ejector port 54. See FIGS. 14, 34, 35 and 38.

Breech bolt 22 and hammer 24 have been stopped in their extreme rearwardpositions by virtue of the rear end of the hammer striking recoilsurface 26 of receiver 9.

The sear point of the sear was moved downwardly as the rear portion onthe hammer passed thereover, and has then moved upwardly into theovertravelled sear notch of the hammer, the sear point being biasedupwardly by fully loaded recoil spring 30, through recoil spring guide32, as described.

As trigger 11 was pulled, elongated slot 14 in the sear has remainedrearwardly with respect to trigger-sear pin 12. Bent portion 44 of thesear has remained, unchanged from the FIG. 3 position, rearwardly ofretaining notch 48 in the trigger. Hammer spring 28 and recoil spring 30are both in fully loaded condition. The finger portion of the trigger isheld rearwardly but remains under no spring tension. If the operatorsfinger were removed from the trigger, the position of the trigger wouldremain unchanged or, if pushed forwardly, would remain in forwardposition, a condition which prevails, as previously stated, because bentportion 44 of the sear does not contact the forward part of the trigger.

At the completion of its rearward recoil stroke, breech bolt 22, undertension of recoil spring 30, and hammer 24, under tension of hammerspring 28, move forwardly unisonly until the sear notch of the hammerengages the sear point of scar l0. Thereupon, the sear retains thehammer, and the breech bolt continues forwardly under the recoil springtension, through recoil spring washer 36. Meanwhile sear is movingforwardly with the hammer which is under the forward tension of thefully loaded hammer spring. The hammer moves forwardly and pulls thesear forwardly therewith a distance equal to the clearance between thefront of bent portion 44 of the sear and retaining notch 48 in thetrigger, all being accomplished by the fact that the sear point of thesear is engaged in the sear notch of the hammer and overcomes the weakerpartly loaded recoil spring pushing rearwardly on the sear through therearwardly enlarged portion of the recoil spring guide bearing on theupwardly extending portion 34 on the sear.

In FIG. 5, the firearm is shown immediately prior to the release of thetrigger forwardly.

At this point, trigger sear pin 12 is disposed between the rearward andforward walls of the elongated slot 14 in the sear, the breech bolthaving closed and being under tension of the recoil spring under preloadthrough the recoil ,spring washer. The hammer has been cocked and thefinger portion of the trigger is being held in rearward position by theoperators finger.

During closing movement, the cartridge has been stripped from themagazine and loaded into the chamber in conventional manner.

The forward end of bent portion 44 of the sear is in contact withretaining notch 48 of the trigger at a point below the trigger pivotpoint at trigger-sear pin 12. Forward pressure exerted by the fullyloaded hammer spring, through the sear notch of the hammer and the searpoint of the sear upon retaining notch 48 of the trigger, biases thetrigger in a counterclockwise direction overcoming the weaker preloadedrecoil spring, as the sear moves forwardly, so as to urge, when theoperator releases the trigger, the front end of the trigger upwardly andthe finger portion of the trigger forwardly.

Retaining notch 48 has moved upwardly to a point where the notch nolonger holds the sear in rearward position, wherefor the sear movesforwardly and the bent portion thereof moves under pull surface 46 ofthe trigger until further forward movement is precluded when the rearwall of the elongated slot abuts trigger-sear pin 12.

Further forward movement of the finger portion of the trigger isprecluded when an upper horizontal surface 56 of the trigger contactsthe lower outside portion of the receiver.

The components again assume the FIG. 1 position, with elongated slot 14being forwardly with respect to trigger-sear pin 12, bent portion 44 ofthe sear being under pull surface 46 ofthe trigger, the hammer beingcocked, the breech bolt being in closed position, and the finger portionof the trigger being in forwardmost position so that, if again pulled,the firearm will discharge.

As sear l slides along trigger-sear pin 12, the sear is stopped fromfurther longitudinal movement at the extremities of its travel by therespective end walls of the elongated slot.

With reference to FIGS. 34 and 35, magazine catch and ejector 52 isprovided in the form ofa stamping with its main body being twisted sothat its lower part, is normal to the plane of its upper part. Theextreme lower portion consists of a magazine retaining surface 66 and athumbpiece 68. A bend in the top of the magazine catch and ejector, asshown in FIGS. 18 and 35, offsets the upper portion thereof from thecenterline of the receiver so as to align adjacent the right-hand sideof a left-hand (as viewed from the rear) magazine clearance slot 69 ofbreech bolt 22, wherefor an ejector point 51 serves as an ejector.

The magazine catch and ejector is extendable through a centrally locatedlongitudinally extending slot in the lower portion of the receiver, justrearwardly of an opening for admitting a magazine housing 70.

Two guide ears may be formed forwardly from the lower portion of themagazine catch and ejector for freely embracing the lower rear outersurfaces of the magazine housing in manner to prevent lateral movementof the lower portion of the magazine catch.

The magazine catch and ejector utilizes an inherent spring tension toretain a magazine 72 and is assembled under preload whereby forwardpressure is exerted by the lower forward portion of the catch on thelower rear portion of the magazine housing. Magazine retaining surface66 overhangs the rear wall of magazine housing 70 and extends under therear portion thereof.

Magazine 72, shown in FIGS. 36 and 37 and observed to be of conventionaldesign, is pushed upward into the magazine housing, the forward surfaceof thumbpiece 68 is cammed rearwardly, when contacted by a lug 73 on thebackwall of the magazine, and remains in a rearward position until themagazine is fully seated in the magazine housing, at which time themagazine catch moves forwardly by means of its inherent spring tensionand magazine retaining surface 66 moves underneath the lug and retainsthe magazine in place.

Rearward pressure of the operators thumb on thumbpiece 68 enables themagazine to be withdrawn from the magazine housing. The verticallyextending lateral portion of the magazine catch, which provides springtension thereto, may be hollowed, as shown, to give greater resilience.

Magazine housing 70, in the form of a rectangular downwardly extendinghollow member, is provided with retaining means welded or otherwisesecured to its upper front and rear outside surfaces.

As shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, an upper rearwardly extending arcuate lugon the magazine housing embraces the lower inside surface of thereceiver and a lower rearwardly extending arcuate lug embraces the loweroutside surface of the receiver, as shown in FIG. 1 and serves toprevent vertical movement of the rear of the housing. The lower lug maybe omitted, if desired.

A feed ramp portion 74, for guiding the cartridges from the magazineinto the chamber, extends from the upper front surface of the housing. Alug portion 75, forwardly of the feed ramp portion and integraltherewith, is receivable in a laterally extending opening in the rearface of the barrel below the chamber, thereby preventing verticalmovement of the front end thereof. Lateral movement of the magazinehousing is prevented by the upper outside walls of the housingcontacting the inner vertical longitudinal surfaces of the magazineopening in the lower portion of the receiver.

Rearward pressure from the forward portion of an opening in a beddingplate 76, for admitting the passage of magazine housing 70 therethrough,firmly locks the magazine housing and ejector in place upon thetightening ofa take down screw 77.

Firing pin 47, preferentially a stamping, rests in a centrally locatedopening in the upper portion of the breech bolt and a rearwardly locateddownwardly extending retaining lug is disposed in an opening ofsufficient length to allow necessary longitudinal movement.

Vertical movement of the firing pin is prevented by contact of its lowerportion with the lower surface of a firing pin opening in the breechbolt and by contact of its upper portion with the upper inside surfaceof the receiver.

The front of the firing pin is offset downwardly to allow the front endof the pin to contact the cartridge primer. See FIGS. 1 and 19.

A longitudinally extending spring (not shown) may be provided to retainthe firing pin in a rearward position, when out of contact with thehammer.

Proper clearance is maintained at the lower forward end of the breechbolt to clear the top portion of the magazine and the ejector. See FIG.19.

With reference to FIG. 14, an extractor 50 is shown as being formed ofround stock, and bent in the form of a U with the front end slabbed offat an angle to form the extractor hook. The extractor is retained inplace by a flat extractor spring 79 biased downwardly on the rear end ofa U-bend in the extractor.

To remove the extractor from the breech bolt, the forwardly andoutwardly extending front end of the extractor spring may be liftedoutward with a thumb nail so that the spring may be pulled forwardlyfrom its opening in the breech bolt. Thereafter, the extractor may belifted laterally from the extractor opening in the breech bolt.

The upper portion ofa takedown lug 81 (shown in FIGS. 30 and 31) extendslaterally through a dovetailed opening in the rear lower portion of thebarrel and through a mating clearance opening in the forward lowerportion of the receiver. A threaded vertical opening in the lowerportion of the takedown lug accepts the upwardly extending takedownscrew 77, which passes through an opening in the lower portion of aUshaped cam lock 84, the bottom of which is adjacent bedding plate 76.

The preferred form of bedding plate and associated components may bestbe observed in FIGS. 20 and 38, with the bedding plate per se beingshown in FIGS. 39 and 40.

Laterally extending cam surfaces 86 on the upper ends of cam lock 84bear on mating cam surfaces 87 on the lower front portion of thereceiver.

An escutcheon 88, bedded in the lower portion of the stock, acceptstakedown screw 77 therethrough. The portion of the takedown screw withinthe escutcheon also serves as a recoil lug.

Bedding plate 76, a longitudinally extending member, is U- shaped incross section. A cam surface 89 on the bedding plate urges itrearwardly, when contacted by the lower portion of the cam lock 84,whereby the forward portion of the bifurcation of the bedding platebears against the forward portion of the magazine housing add when thebedding plate is urged rearwardly, as the takedown lug is being pulleddownwardly by the takedown screw. The opening in the bedding plate, thetakedown screw passing therethrough, is elongated to allow longitudinalmovement of the bedding plate. See FIG. 39.

A lower forward flat portion 90 of the bedding plate bears on acomplementary surface 92 of fore end 4 that acts as a front beddingsurface. A metal or plastic insert (not shown) may be permanentlyattached or removable, and may be placed on bedding surface 92 of thefore end to prevent wear. See FIG. 38.

The firearm assembly and the locking action of the bedding plate willnow be described, bearing in mind the schematic showing of the assemblylocking means in FIG. 33.

Safety 13 is placed adjacent the vertical flat on the rear of thereceiver with detent portion 19 of the safety placed in the fire detent.The trigger and sear are placed in their respective slots. The elongatedopenings in the safety and scar and the circular opening in the triggerare then aligned with the lateral opening in the receiver for receptiontherethrough of the straight portion of trigger-sear pin 12.

Retaining bend 17 of the trigger-sear pin is pulled rearwardly undertension and placed in opening 18 in the safety.

Recoil spring guide 32 is placed within the coils of recoil spring 30and the spring abutting the enlarged rear portion of the recoil springguide is compressed upon the shaft thereof.

The slotted portion of recoil spring washer 36, with its concave sidefacing rearwardly, is assembled upon the rectangular portion of therecoil spring guide. The spring is released to allow the foremost coilsto bed within the concave portion of the washer and the forward circularportion of the recoil spring guide retains the spring and washer uponthe shaft of the recoil spring guide.

An end of hammer spring 28 is placed in the hammer spring opening in therear end of hammer 24. With the hammer spring to the rear, hammer andhammer spring are assembled in receiver from the front end, the free endof the hammer spring being receivable within the hammer spring openingin the receiver.

The recoil spring, with the recoil spring washer forwardly, is assembledthrough the recoil spring opening in the front end of the hammer and ispassed therethrough until rearward travel is terminated by the rear faceof the recoil spring washer contacting the forward end ofthe hammer.

Should the recoil spring washer inadvertently become lost, the recoilspring guide and recoil spring and hammer spring may still be assembledin the receiver but buckling of the recoil spring must be avoided.

Extractor 50, with its hook portion forward, is placed laterally in theextractor opening in the breech bolt. The flat end of extractor spring79 is pushed rearwardly into the provided longitudinally extendingopening in the breech bolt until further movement is precluded by therear end of the spring striking the end of the opening, by which timethe forward end of the spring will have passed rearwardly over the midor high portion of the inverted U of the extractor thereby retaining thespring in place and providing lateral or inward bias of the extractor.

Firing pin 47 is then placed in the longitudinally extending slot in theuppermost portion of breech bolt 22.

The breech bolt, with extractor forwardly, is pushed rearwardly into thefront of the receiver. The enlarged portion of the recoil spring guideclearance opening in the rear end of the breech bolt aligns with theforward end of the recoil spring guide and the forward portion of recoilspring washer 36 nests itself therein. Further rearward movement of thebreech bolt enables the bolt handle opening in the breech bolt to bealigned with ejector port 54 whereby bolt handle 38 may be placed in theproper opening in the breech bolt.

Ejector port 54 being of greater width than the diameter of the boltretaining portion 93, the bolt handle may be assembled therethrough andinto the appropriate opening in the breech bolt whereby the boltretaining portion may be fully seated in the concentric large diameteropening in the side of the breech bolt.

With the safety in fire position, the bolt handle is pulled to the rear,carrying the breech bolt therewith, and the neck portion of the bolthandle is caused to enter bolt handle slot 40 in the receiver.

Thereafter, the bolt handle is pulled further rearwardly until its neckportion is aligned with bolt handle retaining notch 42. Thereupon, thebolt handle is pulled upwardly to rotate the breech bolt, therebyretaining the breech bolt in a rearward position.

When the barrel is in place, the bolt handle cannot move forwardly to apoint where it enters the ejector port and is therefore retained inplace.

The upper portion of the magazine catch and ejector, just below theoffset bend, is pushed rearwardly into the longitudinally extendingopening in the lower portion of the receiver, just rearwardly of theopening for receiving the magazine housing. Rearward movement isprecluded when the rear portion of the catch within the slot strikes therear end of the slot.

Upward movement of the front end of the magazine catch and ejector isprecluded by the lower portion of notch 94 in the upper front end of thecatch bearing on the under side of the lower rearwardly extendingarcuate lug on the upper rear portion of the magazine housing.

If the lower arcuate lug is omitted, notch 94 would be moved upwardly,replacing an opening in the magazine catch and ejector that provides aclearance for the upper arcuate lug (FIGS. 34 and 38). The lower portionof notch 94, in its new location, will then contact the underside of theupper arcuate lug to prevent unwanted upward movement of the magazinecatch and ejector.

Downward movement of the catch is prevented by the lower portion of theoffset bend bearing on the lower inside surface of the receiver, asshown in F [G 18, and upward movement of the rear portion is precludedby a rearwardly extending portion bearing on the lower outside surfaceof the receiver. See FIG. 1.

The extreme front end of the upper portion extends slightly forwardlyinto the magazine housing opening so as to be contacted by the rear endof magazine housing 70 at the final tightening of the takedown screw.

The upper portion of the magazine housing is pushed upwardly andforwardly into the appropriate opening in the lower portion of thereceiver. The front end is dropped slightly while the magazine housingis moved rearwardly and the two rearwardly extending arcuate lugs arecaused to embrace the lower portion of the receiver at the rearmost endof the housing opening therein.

The rear end of the barrel is placed in the opening in the front end ofthe receiver and pushed rearwardly and the laterally extending openingin the rear of the barrel just below the chamber, is caused to bealigned with lug portion 75 of feed ramp portion 74 attached to magazinehousing 70. The lug portion is of such size and configuration as to fitsnugly into the laterally extending slot in the barrel.

Continuing the barrel movement rearwardly in the receiver causes lugportion 75 to fully enter the laterally extending slot in the barrel andthe dovetailed slot in the barrel to be aligned with an appropriateopening in the forward lower portion of the receiver.

The upper male dovetailed portion of takedown lug 81 is pushed laterallythrough the complimentary opening in the lower front end of the receiverand into the dovetailed slot in the barrel, thereby retaining the barrelloosely in the receiver.

The opening is of sufficient size to provide a slight all aroundclearance in the receiver for the dovetail portion of the takedown lug.

Cam lock 84 is pushed upwardly to embrace the downwardly extendingportion of the takedown lug. The upwardly extending arms of the cam lockare bent slightly inwardly to provide sufficient tension to enable thecam lock to be retained on the takedown lug during preliminary assembly.

The bedding plate, with its bifurcated portion to the rear, and with itselongated slot downwardly, is pushed rearwardly over, and embraces, theassembled takedown lug and cam lock. Continuing rearwardly thebifurcated portion is caused to embrace the magazine housing and ispushed over magazine housing lugs 95, which are attached to or madeintegral with magazine housing 70, until stopped by the forward end ofthe bifurcation of the bedding plate contacting the forward surface ofthe magazine housing.

To assemble the mechanism to the stock, the barrel and receiver, withall parts attached thereto including the rear bifurcated portion ofpreferred bedding plate 76 resting on magazine housing lugs 95 andinside cam surface 89 adjacent a curved cam portion 97 of cam lock 84,are grasped with the left hand. The thumb and fingers hold the forwardportion of the bedding plate upwardly toward the barrel. With the stockin the right hand, the lower portions of the assembled mechanism areplaced in appropriate openings in the stock. The takedown screw is'pushed upwardly through the escutcheon and the elongated opening in thebedding plate and through the circular opening in the cam lock and isscrewed by hand into the threaded opening in the takedown lug whereby,when the takedown screw is further tightened, locking action initiates.

The tightening of takedown screw 77 with a large coin or the like pullstakedown lug 81 downwardly as the head of the takedown screw pressesupwardly on the bottom surface of the stock through the escutcheon. SeeFIGS. 33 and 38. The upper dovetail portion of takedown lug 81 bearsupon the complimentary dovetail in the lower rear end of the barrel andcenters the takedown lug in relation to the dovetail slot as thebarrelis pulled downwardly and the bottom of the barrel contacts theinside bottom of the front of the receiver.

The receiver, with the barrel attached, continues downwardly until therear bottom portion thereof contacts rear receiver bedding surface 98 ofthe stock and the curved cam portion 97 of cam lock 84 contacts camsurface 89 of bedding plate 76, forward portion 90 of which now contactsfore end bedding surface 92 and the rear end thereof contacts the topsurfaces of magazine housing lugs 95. Thereupon as the rear end of thereceiver is pulled downwardly, upper cam surfaces 86 of cam lock 84 isforced into firm contact with complimentary receiver cam surface 87centering the barrel longitudinally in the receiver in relation to camlock 84 and also in relation to the takedown lug.

Meanwhile, additional downward pressure is applied by the rearbifurcated portion of the bedding plate on the top surfaces of magazinehousing lugs 95 pulling the rear end of the receiver downwardly andfirmly against rear bedding surface 98 of the stock. Curved cam surface97 of the rear lower portion of cam lock 84 applies pressure to camsurface 89 on bedding plate 76 forcing it rearwardly and downwardlytherewith and causing the bifurcated portion to press rearwardly on theforward wall of the magazine housing forcing the rear wall thereofagainst the forwardly protruding front portion of magazine catch andejector 52, rearward movement of same being terminated by the rearportion of the catch that is within the slot in the bottom of thereceiver striking the rearmost wall of aforesaid slot.

As the magazine housing is being forced rearwardly by cam 97 on cam lock84, it is also being forced downwardly through magazine housing lugs 95,by the rear end of bedding plate 76, as previously described.

The arcuate lugs on the rear portion of the magazine housing embrace thelower wall of the receiver. Lug portion 75 on the feed ramp of themagazine housing; within the laterally extending slot on the rear faceof the barrel, limits downward movement of the magazine housing. Themagazine housing and the magazine catch and ejector are locked in placethereby and the lower rear end of the receiver is bedded on receiverbedding surface 98 in the stock and lower front end of bedding plate 76bedded on front bedding surface 92 of the stock.

Final tightening of the takedown screw finishes the locking action bypulling the receiver downwardly thereby increasing pressures previouslydescribed and further securely locking the barrel in the receiver, themagazine housing in the receiver, the magazine catch in the receiver andthe barrel receiver and related parts securely in the stock. The barrelis free floating in the fore end.

In assembly locking, the final tightening of the assembling screwcenters the barrel longitudinally in respect to the takedown lug,centers the barrel and takedown lug longitudinally in respect to thereceiver by means of the cam surfaces 86 and 87, centers the barrellaterally in the receiver, locks the barrel in place in the receiver,locks the takedown lug in the barrel, cams the bedding plate rearwardly,locks the magazine catch and ejector in the receiver, locks rear end ofthe receiver on the rear bedding surface of the stock, locks the frontend of the bedding plate on the front bedding surface of the stock,locks the rear end of the bedding plate down upon the ears of themagazine housing, locks the upper portion of the magazine housing in thereceiver, locks the head of the assembly (takedown) screw (through theescutcheon) to the bottom of the stock, hence locking the entire firearmmechanism securely in the stock.

In the next few paragraphs, we interject a few possible modificationswhich may be incorporated into the mechanism, all without defeating theprimary purpose or spirit of the invention.

In order to prevent undue stress upon the trigger-sear pin by thekinetic energy imparted thereto by the stoppage of the sear, theelongated slot may be lengthened and the sear may be configured so as tobe caused to strike the rear of the recoil spring bore in the receiverprior to the contacting of the front wall ofthe slot.

Additionally, forward movement of the sear may be arrested by aforwardmost portion of the sear being caused to abut the forward wall ofthe sear opening in the lower rear portion of the receiver.

An alternate form of trigger 11a is shown in FIG. 29 wherein a hook maybe provided so that the upper inside portion 102 of the hook may replaceupper horizontal surface 56 of the trigger as the means for arrestingunwanted forward movement of the finger portion of the trigger.

In FIGS. 68, an alternate form of safety is shown.

Referring first to FIG. 6, the rear portion of receiver 9 is shown inbottom plan view with the modified safety in fire position, the fingerportion of the trigger held to the rear and the mechanism in the fullrecoil position as shown in FIG. 4.

Here the safety has been combined with a modified form of trigger-searpin 12a, the pin having a safety portion 13a which includes a sear blockportion 20a and a thumb piece portion 210 aligned thereabove. A loopreplaces spiral 16 of the first described trigger-sear pin 12 andsupplies the desired forward detent tension. In such modification,trigger-sear pin 12a extends through receiver 9 in a manner similar tothe preferred form of trigger-sear pin and the vertically disposedlongitudinally extending flat portion on the rear end of the receivermay be eliminated accordingly.

Thumb piece portion 21a is shown in safe position in FIG. 7 and searblock portion 20a is shown in safe position in FIG. 8 wherein themechanism is in the bolt closed-hammer cocked position as shown in FIG.1.

Three alternate trigger and sear combinations are now considered, allwhereby the hammer (not shown), sear point, recoil spring guide (notshown), hammer spring (not shown), and recoil spring (not shown), may beheld in the same relative hammer-cocked positions as in the case of thepreferred trigger and sear combination of FIG. 1.

In the first alternate form, FIGS. 43 and 44, shown in the cocked,ready-to-fire position, bent portion 44 of the preferred sear iseliminated and replaced by a bent portion 44a on a trigger 11b and isdisposed rearwardly of a triggersear pin 12. Pulling rearwardly on thetrigger forces the rear end of a sear a upwardly and the sear pointthereof downwardly to discharge the firearm. Subsequent operation issimilar to that described for the preferred form of trigger and sear.

In the second alternate form, FIGS. 45 and 46, shown in the cocked,ready-to-fire position, bent portion 44 of the preferred sear isreplaced by a bent portion 44b of a trigger 11c and located forwardly oftrigger-sear pin 12. Pulling rearwardly on the trigger pulls downwardlyon the sear point of sear 10b to discharge the firearm. Resultantsemiautomatic operations are very similar to those produced by thepreferred form of trigger and sear.

In the third alternate form, FIGS. 47 and 48, shown in the cocked,ready-to-fire position, a trigger 11d and sear 100 are similar to thoseshown in FIGS. 43 and 44 in that the bent portion 440 is disposedrearwardly of trigger-sear pin 12 but differs therefrom in that the bentportion originates from the sear. Thereafter, the functions are verysimilar to those of the preferred form of trigger and sear.

In the preferred form of trigger and sear, as shown in FIGS. 1-5, bentportion 44 of the sear originates from the forward portion of the searand the pull surface is on the forward portion of the trigger, bothbeing forwardly of the trigger-sear pin.

In FIGS. 43 and 44a, the bent portion 44 originates from the trigger andalso serves as the pull surface 46. The pivot is forwardly of the bentportion and the pull surface.

In FIGS. 45 and 46, the bent portion and pull surface also originatefrom the trigger but are forwardly of the trigger-sear pm.

In FIGS. 47 and 48, the bent portion and pull surface are on the searand trigger respectively as in the preferred version but are rearwardlyof the trigger-sear pin.

In FIG. 51, an alternate form of feed ramp 74a of the magazine housingis illustrated with a lug portion 75a which bears on the lower insidesurface of the receiver underneath a slabbed off portion of the barrelinstead of being inserted in a lateral slot in the rear of the barrelunderneath the chamber.

In FIG. I is shown an alternate U-shaped bedding plate 760 operablesomewhat similarly to the preferred form of bedding plate, whereby theopening for the takedown screw allows passage therethrough and provisionis made for longitudinal movement of the bedding plate. The forwardsurface of the bifurcation on the lower rear end of the bedding platedoes not contact the front face of the magazine housing but cam surfaceson the lower rear end of the rear bifurcated portion contact the upperfront portions of alternate magazine housing lugs 950 which are at acorresponding camming angle. The space between the front end of thebedding plate and the vertical surface inside the fore end, as in FIG.38, is omitted and the front end of the bedding plate contacts the saidvertical surface.

Alternate bedding plate 76a is forced downwardly in a manner similar topreferred bedding plate 76, due to the lower portion of cam lock 84contacting the lower inside surface of the bedding plate whereby itforces the magazine housing rearwardly, while pulling it downwardly, dueto the camming action of the angular portion on the lower rear end ofthe alternate bedding plate contacting the angle on the front camsurface of alternate magazine housing lugs a, so as to lock the parts inplace in a manner similar to the operation of the preferred beddingplate.

If desired, the cam surfaces on alternate magazine housing lugs andbedding plate, 95a and 760 respectively, as well as cam surface 89 onthe bedding plate, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 38, may be omitted and a camsurface on the lower front end of the bedding plate, replacing the lowerforward flat portion 90, and mating with a corresponding cam surface onthe inside of the fore end (not shown), may be substituted therefor. Insuch case, the forward bottom portion of the bedding plate would notbottom on the flat stock bedding surface 92 of the fore end. Theelongated slot, for the takedown screw to pass therethrough, as shown inFIG. 39, would be retained.

Also in FIG. 1, an alternate form of stamped cam lock 84a is shown inFIG. 1.

I claim:

I. In a semiautomatic firearm, the combination comprising:

a hollow receiver,

a breech bolt reciprocable in the receiver towards and away from afiring position,

a firing pin disposed at the forward end of the breech bolt,

a cockable hammer having a scar notch,

a loadable helical hammer spring,

a preloadable helical recoil spring,

a trigger having a pull surface,

a slotted sear having an offset portion directly cooperant with the pullsurface of the trigger and having an upwardly extending sear notch,

a trigger-sear pin receivable in the slot of the sear for the pivotingin unison of the trigger and sear,

a safety for locking the sear against unwanted movement,

the slot of the sear allowing horizontal reciprocation of the sear withreference to the trigger-sear pin for functioning as a disconnector, thehammer spring under full load and the recoil spring under preloadoffering a pressure differential therebetween such that, with the hammercocked and the breech bolt moving toward forward closed position, thesear is moved forwardly along the trigger-sear pin and the offset of thesear contacts the pull surface of the trigger for urging the triggerforwardly for the functioning of the hammer spring in the triggering ofthe trigger as the recoil spring exerts a continual rearward pressure onthe sear for biasing the sear upwardly into position whereby the searengages the sear notch of the hammer and the recoil spring functions asa sear spring.

2. In the firearm of claim 1, including a recoil spring guide formotivation rearwardly by the recoil spring and the pressurization of thesear and the biasing of the forward portion of the sear upwardly for theinterengagement of the sear point of the sear and the sear notch of thehammer.

3. In the firearm of claim 1, with forward pressure through the hammerspring allowing the offset of the sear to contact the retaining surfaceof the trigger and the forward biasing of the finger portion of thetrigger.

4. In the firearm of claim 1, the sear being provided with a stopsurface for preventing unwanted sear movement and a sear block surfacefor providing a safety means.

5. In a firearm of claim 1 including a trigger with a stop surface and apull surface cooperant with the offset of the sear and the stop surfaceto prevent unwanted rearward movement of the finger portion thereof.

1. In a semiautomatic firearm, the combination comprising: a hollowreceiver, a breech bolt reciprocable in the receiver towards and awayfrom a firing position, a firing pin disposed at the forward end of thebreech bolt, a cockable hammer having a sear notch, a loadable helicalhammer spring, a preloadable helical recoil spring, a trigger having apull surface, a slotted sear having an offset portion directly cooperantwith the pull surface of the trigger and having an upwardly extendingsear notch, a trigger-sear pin receivable in the slot of the sear forthe pivoting in unison of the trigger and sear, a safety for locking thesear against unwanted movement, the slot of the sear allowing horizontalreciprocation of the sear with reference to the trigger-sear pin forfunctioning as a disconnector, the hammer spring under full load and therecoil spring under preload offering a pressure differentialtherebetween such that, with the hammer cocked and the breech boltmoving toward forward closed position, the sear is moved forwardly alongthe trigger-sear pin and the offset of the sear contacts the pullsurface of the trigger for urging the trigger forwardly for thefunctioning of the hammer spring in the triggering of the trigger as therecoil spring exerts a continual rearward pressure on the sear forbiasing the sear upwardly into position whereby the sear engages thesear notch of the hammer and the recoil spring functions as a searspring.
 2. In the firearm of claim 1, including a recoil spring guidefor motivation rearwardly by the recoil spring and the pressurization ofthE sear and the biasing of the forward portion of the sear upwardly forthe interengagement of the sear point of the sear and the sear notch ofthe hammer.
 3. In the firearm of claim 1, with forward pressure throughthe hammer spring allowing the offset of the sear to contact theretaining surface of the trigger and the forward biasing of the fingerportion of the trigger.
 4. In the firearm of claim 1, the sear beingprovided with a stop surface for preventing unwanted sear movement and asear block surface for providing a safety means.
 5. In a firearm ofclaim 1 including a trigger with a stop surface and a pull surfacecooperant with the offset of the sear and the stop surface to preventunwanted rearward movement of the finger portion thereof.